skip to main |
skip to sidebar
 |
| Makam Raja raja Tallo |
BRIEF HISTORY
- The
state of Tallo came into being sometime before the turn of the
sixteenth century. The founder of the state being Karaeng
Lowe-ri Sero', the younger son of Tunatankalopi, Somba-ri
Gowa. Although a powerful kingdom in its own right, Tallo
formed a confederation with the kingdom of Gowa. Generations of
intermarriage between the two Royal families resulted in a dual
kingdom that dominated the Makassarese world. The ruler of Gowa
was regarded as the senior of the two, the ruler of Tallo
serving as Viceroy, or Deputy Ruler. The heyday of this alliance
lasted from 1590 until the Dutch conquest in 1669.
- The kingdom
converted to Islam in 1605, at a time when the ruler of
Tallo, nicknamed 'Karaeng Matoaya' or the old Karaeng, served as
regent for the minor ruler of Gowa. He assumed the title of
Sultan and an Arabic reign name, a tradition followed by his
successors. Soon after converting his charge, the two Sultans
set about "inviting" the other principalities and kingdoms in
the region to do the same. On their failure to do so, the
Makassarese launched a jihad to convert them by force.
Bone, Bima, Sumbawa and a number of smaller states either fell
to their stronger arms, or peacefully submitted to Islam,
during a series of expeditions between 1611 and 1620.
Ever since their arrival, the Dutch had sought to control
the spice trade by enforcing exclusive contracts with the
local rulers, which forbade trade with traders from other
nations. This was eventually achieved after the Makassarese
federation was defeated in a series of naval and military
engagements with the VOC. Along with Gowa, the Tallo sultanate
submitted to the protection of the VOC in 1668.
The sultanate thereafter remained relatively peaceful
until 1777. In that year, a pretender emerged claiming to be the
exiled Sultan Usman Fakhr ud-din of Gowa. Known as Sankilang,
he gained a large following and quickly took control at Gowa and
caused the abdication of Sultana Siti Saliha I of Tallo. It
took the Dutch four years to dislodge him, but he managed to
escape into the jungles and hold out for a further three years.
The state was place under the direct rule of the
government of the Netherlands East Indies 1780. The British
affected a full restoration after General Nightingale's
expedition in 1814. However, after a long period of disputes
over the ruler's refusal to fulfil certain contractual
obligations the Dutch authorities deposed the ruler, La
Makkarumpa Daeng Parani. Although he was allowed to remain as
ruler of Lipusaki, the kingdom was extinguished and its
territories placed under direct Dutch rule in 1856.
STYLES & TITLES:
The ruling prince: Sultan (or Karaeng) of Tallo, with the style of His Highness.
The sons of the ruling prince: Andi (personal name) Karaeng (personal title).
The daughters of the ruling prince: Siti (personal name) Karaeng (personal title).
RULES OF SUCCESSION:
Primogeniture, the children of Royal wives succeeding
before those of junior wives or commoners, and sons succeeding
before daughters.
ORDERS & DECORATIONS:
None.
GLOSSARY:
see Indonesia (Gowa).
SOURCES:
Abdurrazak Daeng Patunru, Sedjarah Goa. Jajasan Kebudajaen Sulawesi Selatan dan Tenggara, Makassar, 1967.
Leonard Y. Andaya, The Heritage of Arung Palakka: A
History of South Sulawesi (Celebes) in the Seventeenth Century.
Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en
Volkenkunde, The Hague, 1981.
A. Ligtvoet, "Transcriptie van de Lontara-Bilang of het Dagboek der Vorsten van Gowa en Tello", Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Vierde Volgteeks, Vierde Deel - 1e stuk. Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, The Hague, 1880. pp 1-259.
A. Ligtvoet, "Geschiedenis van de afdeeling Tallo (gouverement Celebes)", Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Deel XVIII, Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Batavia, 1872, pp. 43-66.
Download Pdf lengkapnya :
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar
Jangki' lupa isikan ' komentarta dan Ingatkan ki ADMINnya !!